{"id":3957,"date":"2021-07-05T11:56:00","date_gmt":"2021-07-05T11:56:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zynoo.com\/blog\/ssh-commands\/"},"modified":"2026-10-28T16:12:23","modified_gmt":"2026-10-28T16:12:23","slug":"ssh-commands","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zynoo.com\/blog\/vi\/ssh-commands\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh SSH cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u: Phi\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 Linux"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"h-\">C\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh SSH cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i an to\u00e0n v\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 Linux v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. D\u00f9 \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng VPS, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p website hay h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb Linux, SSH l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tin t\u1ed1t l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ghi nh\u1edb h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c l\u1ec7nh. Khi \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7p, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn SSH d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c Linux, t\u1ea1o t\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"h-what-is-ssh\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SSH_la_gi\"><\/span>SSH l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SSH (Secure Shell) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giao th\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ng cung c\u1ea5p k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u1eeb xa.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thay v\u00ec truy c\u1eadp m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 qua b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda, SSH cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 b\u1eb1ng giao di\u1ec7n d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 terminal.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng SSH \u0111\u1ec3:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p v\u00e0 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a website.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 nh\u1eadt k\u00fd m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Truy\u1ec1n t\u1ec7p an to\u00e0n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u: <strong>SSH gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, c\u00f2n c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh Linux th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 sau khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group zynoo-related-reading has-border-color has-text-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\" style=\"border-color:#c7d8ef;border-width:1px;border-radius:8px;border-left-color:#0069ff;border-left-width:3px;color:#24364f;background-color:#eaf2ff;margin-top:28px;margin-bottom:28px;padding-top:18px;padding-right:22px;padding-bottom:18px;padding-left:22px;font-size:16px;line-height:1.8\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SSH th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ri\u00eang \u1ea3o ch\u1ea1y Linux. N\u1ebfu ch\u01b0a quen v\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u1ea3o, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn <a href=\"https:\/\/zynoo.com\/blog\/what-is-vps-hosting\/\">VPS Hosting l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2 id=\"h-what-do-you-need-before-using-ssh\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ban_can_chuan_bi_gi_truoc_khi_su_dung_SSH\"><\/span>B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb g\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng SSH?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ea1n c\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 Linux.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>T\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng SSH:<\/strong> T\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p truy c\u1eadp.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Th\u00f4ng tin x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c:<\/strong> M\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang t\u01b0 SSH.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>C\u1ed5ng SSH:<\/strong> Th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 <strong>c\u1ed5ng 22<\/strong>, tr\u1eeb khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng SSH:<\/strong> \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng terminal c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i SSH.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Linux v\u00e0 macOS c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 SSH d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh. Windows 10 v\u00e0 11 c\u0169ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.openssh.org\/\">OpenSSH<\/a> qua <a href=\"https:\/\/learn.microsoft.com\/en-us\/powershell\/\">PowerShell<\/a> ho\u1eb7c Windows Terminal khi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng SSH \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 SSH v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1eeb m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"h-how-to-connect-to-a-linux-server-using-ssh\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach_ket_noi_voi_may_chu_Linux_bang_SSH\"><\/span>C\u00e1ch k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 Linux b\u1eb1ng SSH<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1edf Terminal, PowerShell ho\u1eb7c Windows Terminal tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh sau:<\/p>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>ssh username@203.0.113.10<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thay <code>username<\/code> b\u1eb1ng t\u00ean t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n Linux c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 <code>203.0.113.10<\/code> b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 l\u00e0 <code><strong>admin<\/strong><\/code>, l\u1ec7nh s\u1ebd l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>ssh admin@203.0.113.10<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ed5ng SSH t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n 2222, h\u00e3y k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng l\u1ec7nh:<\/p>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>ssh -p 2222 admin@203.0.113.10<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng truy c\u1eadp, SSH c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb d\u1ea5u v\u00e2n tay c\u1ee7a kh\u00f3a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 tin c\u1eady m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng. H\u00e3y x\u00e1c minh d\u1ea5u v\u00e2n tay n\u00e0y qua nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady kh\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau khi x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y d\u1ea5u nh\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh Linux t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1:<\/p>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>admin@server:~$<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u00fac m\u1eebng! B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 Linux.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadp t\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u nh\u1eafc n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u1eeb xa, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"h-understanding-the-linux-terminal\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tim_hieu_ve_terminal_Linux\"><\/span>T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 terminal Linux<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ea1y l\u1ec7nh, h\u00e3y t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng g\u00ec terminal hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Xem v\u00ed d\u1ee5 sau:<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>admin@server:~$<\/code><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>admin<\/code> l\u00e0 t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>server<\/code> cho bi\u1ebft m\u00e1y t\u00ednh m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>~<\/code> bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>$<\/code> th\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb d\u1ea5u nh\u1eafc shell c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u1ea5u nh\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c, t\u00f9y theo b\u1ea3n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i Linux v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh shell.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gi\u1edd b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng th\u1eed nh\u1eefng l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"h-your-first-ssh-commands-a-hands-on-exercise\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhung_lenh_SSH_dau_tien_Bai_thuc_hanh\"><\/span>Nh\u1eefng l\u1ec7nh SSH \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean: B\u00e0i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thay v\u00ec h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c t\u1eebng l\u1ec7nh ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c, th\u00eam m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p v\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a t\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ecdi thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ebd di\u1ec5n ra trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"614\" src=\"https:\/\/zynoo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/ssh-commands-practise-1024x614.webp\" alt=\"C\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh SSH c\u1ee7a ZYNOO\" class=\"wp-image-3330\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zynoo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/ssh-commands-practise-1024x614.webp 1024w, https:\/\/zynoo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/ssh-commands-practise-300x180.webp 300w, https:\/\/zynoo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/ssh-commands-practise-768x461.webp 768w, https:\/\/zynoo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/ssh-commands-practise-1536x921.webp 1536w, https:\/\/zynoo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/ssh-commands-practise.webp 1619w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-step-1-check-your-username-and-location\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Buoc_1_Kiem_tra_ten_nguoi_dung_va_vi_tri_hien_tai\"><\/span>B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng l\u1ec7nh:<\/p>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>whoami<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng g\u1eafn v\u1edbi phi\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ti\u1ebfp theo, ch\u1ea1y:<\/p>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>pwd<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u1ec7nh <code>pwd<\/code> l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a <em>print working directory<\/em> (hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c). L\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y cho bi\u1ebft v\u1ecb tr\u00ed hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y:<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code><strong>\/home\/admin<\/strong><\/code><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng <code>admin<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-step-2-list-files-and-directories\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Buoc_2_Liet_ke_tep_va_thu_muc\"><\/span>B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: Li\u1ec7t k\u00ea t\u1ec7p v\u00e0 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ec7nh:<\/p>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>ls -la<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p v\u00e0 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c b\u1ecb \u1ea9n.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn <code>-l<\/code> cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft, c\u00f2n <code>-a<\/code> hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p \u1ea9n.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng <code>ls<\/code> khi duy\u1ec7t th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ec3m tra xem t\u1ec7p c\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-step-3-create-a-new-directory\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Buoc_3_Tao_thu_muc_moi\"><\/span>B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: T\u1ea1o th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c m\u1edbi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c cho b\u00e0i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>mkdir ~\/ssh-practice<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u1ec7nh <code>mkdir<\/code> d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c t\u00ean <code>ssh-practice<\/code> trong th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng l\u1ec7nh:<\/p>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>cd ~\/ssh-practice<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u1ea1y:<\/p>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>pwd<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Terminal s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1:<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code><strong>\/home\/admin\/ssh-practice<\/strong><\/code><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u1ec7nh <code><strong>cd<\/strong><\/code> l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a <em>change directory<\/em> (chuy\u1ec3n th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c). B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng <code><strong>cd ..<\/strong><\/code> \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c cha ho\u1eb7c <code><strong>cd ~<\/strong><\/code> \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-step-4-create-your-first-file\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Buoc_4_Tao_tep_dau_tien\"><\/span>B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: T\u1ea1o t\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, h\u00e3y t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p v\u0103n b\u1ea3n tr\u1ed1ng:<\/p>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>touch hello.txt<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u1ec7nh <code>touch<\/code> t\u1ea1o t\u1ec7p n\u1ebfu t\u1ec7p ch\u01b0a t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. N\u1ebfu t\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, l\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt d\u1ea5u th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a t\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ki\u1ec3m tra n\u1ed9i dung th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c:<\/p>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>ls -l<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y <code><strong>hello.txt<\/strong><\/code> trong danh s\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y th\u00eam m\u1ed9t \u00edt v\u0103n b\u1ea3n:<\/p>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>printf 'Hello from Linux!\\n' &gt; hello.txt<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u1ec7nh <code>printf<\/code> t\u1ea1o ra v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, c\u00f2n <code>&gt;<\/code> ghi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0o t\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn: to\u00e1n t\u1eed <code>&gt;<\/code> s\u1ebd ghi \u0111\u00e8 n\u1ed9i dung hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a t\u1ec7p \u0111\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb n\u1ed9i dung b\u1ea1n v\u1eeba ghi, h\u00e3y ch\u1ea1y:<\/p>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>cat hello.txt<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y:<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code><strong>Hello from Linux!<\/strong><\/code><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c, chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3, ghi n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0o t\u1ec7p v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb n\u1ed9i dung t\u1ec7p\u2014t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng qua SSH.<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-step-5-disconnect-safely\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Buoc_5_Ngat_ket_noi_an_toan\"><\/span>B\u01b0\u1edbc 5: Ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i an to\u00e0n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c xong, h\u00e3y nh\u1eadp:<\/p>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>exit<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng phi\u00ean shell t\u1eeb xa v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a b\u1ea1n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i terminal tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u1eaft ho\u1eb7c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i VPS khi ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i. M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"h-how-to-transfer-files-using-ssh\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach_truyen_tep_bang_SSH\"><\/span>C\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n t\u1ec7p b\u1eb1ng SSH<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SSH c\u0169ng cho ph\u00e9p truy\u1ec1n t\u1ec7p an to\u00e0n gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 <code>scp<\/code> (secure copy).<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00ean th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, h\u00e3y ch\u1ea1y l\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y <strong>trong terminal tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n<\/strong>, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i trong phi\u00ean SSH:<\/p>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>scp .\/example.txt admin@203.0.113.10:~\/ssh-practice\/<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thay t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP b\u1eb1ng th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. T\u1ec7p <code>example.txt<\/code> tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i s\u1eb5n.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i t\u1ec7p t\u1eeb m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 xu\u1ed1ng:<\/p>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>scp admin@203.0.113.10:~\/ssh-practice\/hello.txt .\/<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y l\u01b0u m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n sao c\u1ee7a <code><strong>hello.txt<\/strong><\/code> v\u00e0o th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ec7p theo c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng SFTP, giao th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qua k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i SSH.<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"h-understanding-ssh-keys\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tim_hieu_ve_khoa_SSH\"><\/span>T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 kh\u00f3a SSH<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SSH h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f3a SSH, b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o hai kh\u00f3a li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nhau:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai:<\/strong> \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang t\u01b0:<\/strong> \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u gi\u1eef an to\u00e0n tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng chia s\u1ebb kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang t\u01b0.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u1eb7p kh\u00f3a Ed25519 b\u1eb1ng l\u1ec7nh:<\/p>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>ssh-keygen -t ed25519<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u00e0m theo c\u00e1c l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5m m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tr\u00ean Linux ho\u1eb7c macOS, n\u1ebfu m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 <code>ssh-copy-id<\/code> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00eam kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai b\u1eb1ng l\u1ec7nh:<\/p>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>ssh-copy-id admin@203.0.113.10<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p VPS c\u0169ng cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai qua b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y th\u1eed \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f3a m\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: <strong>b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang t\u01b0, x\u00e1c minh danh t\u00ednh m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1ea1n ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c thay th\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"h-common-ssh-connection-errors\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_loi_ket_noi_SSH_thuong_gap\"><\/span>C\u00e1c l\u1ed7i k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i SSH th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u00f4i khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i SSH kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Hi\u1ec3u th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o l\u1ed7i s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><th>L\u1ed7i<\/th><th>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra<\/th><\/tr><tr><td>K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i h\u1ebft th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd<\/td><td>\u0110\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn m\u1ea1ng, t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u1ecb t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i<\/td><td>D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 SSH kh\u00f4ng l\u1eafng nghe tr\u00ean c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp b\u1ecb t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i (publickey)<\/td><td>T\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, kh\u00f3a SSH ho\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>X\u00e1c minh kh\u00f3a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng<\/td><td>Danh t\u00ednh m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi kh\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 l\u01b0u<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP, t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, c\u1ed5ng v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu g\u1eb7p v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra xem b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111ang d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00fang kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang t\u01b0 v\u00e0 kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1eebng t\u1eaft t\u00ednh n\u0103ng x\u00e1c minh kh\u00f3a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 SSH \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng mong \u0111\u1ee3i. H\u00e3y x\u00e1c minh danh t\u00ednh m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"h-essential-ssh-security-tips\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhung_luu_y_bao_mat_SSH_thiet_yeu\"><\/span>Nh\u1eefng l\u01b0u \u00fd b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt SSH thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, h\u00e3y tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f3a SSH v\u1edbi c\u1ee5m m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u m\u1ea1nh khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang t\u01b0 v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lu\u00f4n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m SSH.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n root tr\u1eeb khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp SSH b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c thay th\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t SSH.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SSH cung c\u1ea5p k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, nh\u01b0ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"h-what-should-you-learn-after-ssh\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ban_nen_hoc_gi_sau_SSH\"><\/span>B\u1ea1n n\u00ean h\u1ecdc g\u00ec sau SSH?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi \u0111\u00e3 quen v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Linux v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ea7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc h\u1eefu \u00edch l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ec7p tr\u00ean Linux:<\/strong> H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch sao ch\u00e9p, di chuy\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ec7p.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ec7p:<\/strong> T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u <strong><code>chmod<\/code>, <code>chown<\/code>,<\/strong> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m:<\/strong> C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c g\u00f3i b\u1eb1ng <strong>APT <\/strong>ho\u1eb7c <strong>DNF<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5:<\/strong> Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng, d\u1eebng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng <code><strong>systemctl<\/strong><\/code>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7:<\/strong> Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb, m\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a v\u00e0 nh\u1eadt k\u00fd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd website, kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 Linux m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 tin h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"h-frequently-asked-questions\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cau_hoi_thuong_gap\"><\/span>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block\"><div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1792933706831\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">C\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh SSH d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">C\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh SSH \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb xa, th\u1ef1c thi l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ec7p an to\u00e0n. Sau khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh shell Linux \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ec7p, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1792933736576\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng SSH tr\u00ean Windows kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">C\u00f3. Windows 10 v\u00e0 11 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 OpenSSH; sau khi c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qua PowerShell ho\u1eb7c Windows Terminal.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1792933748360\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">T\u00f4i c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n quy\u1ec1n root \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng SSH kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Kh\u00f4ng. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng SSH \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thao t\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n cao h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1792933760719\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">SSH c\u00f3 an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">C\u00f3, mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh m\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c thi v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. H\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u1edbi t\u1ec7p v\u00e0 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf c\u1ea5p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-conclusion\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ket_luan\"><\/span>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SSH l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai \u0111ang h\u1ecdc qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 Linux. C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb xa, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ec7p, truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh SSH l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh. H\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o t\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chuy\u1ec3n sang nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb n\u00e2ng cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Khi \u0111\u00e3 quen v\u1edbi phi\u00ean SSH \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 theo h\u1ecdc h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 Linux.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh SSH cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i an to\u00e0n v\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 Linux v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. D\u00f9 \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng VPS, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p website hay h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb Linux, SSH l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3959,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[654],"tags":[699,700,701,702],"class_list":["post-3957","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-huong-dan-linux","tag-cac-lenh-centos","tag-cac-lenh-linux","tag-cac-lenh-putty","tag-cac-lenh-ssh"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v28.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>C\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh SSH cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u: Phi\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 Linux<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh SSH t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc: k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 Linux, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ec7p v\u00e0 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f3a v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c l\u1ed7i k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/zynoo.com\/blog\/vi\/ssh-commands\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"C\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh SSH cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u: Phi\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 Linux\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tr\u00ean Linux. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh SSH c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00f9ng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/zynoo.com\/blog\/vi\/ssh-commands\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ZYNOO Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-07-05T11:56:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-10-28T16:12:23+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/zynoo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/ezgif-7-2ba5a803af7f.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"636\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"352\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Jamie Collins\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"C\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh SSH cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u: Phi\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 Linux\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tr\u00ean Linux. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh SSH c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00f9ng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/zynoo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/ezgif-7-2ba5a803af7f.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Jamie Collins\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ecdc\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 ph\u00fat\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"TechArticle\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/zynoo.com\\\/blog\\\/vi\\\/ssh-commands\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/zynoo.com\\\/blog\\\/vi\\\/ssh-commands\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Jamie 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