{"id":4735,"date":"2026-05-20T11:14:00","date_gmt":"2026-05-20T11:14:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zynoo.com\/blog\/linux-commands-for-server-management\/"},"modified":"2026-10-31T11:36:57","modified_gmt":"2026-10-31T11:36:57","slug":"linux-commands-for-server-management","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zynoo.com\/blog\/zh\/linux-commands-for-server-management\/","title":{"rendered":"\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u5fc5\u5907\u7684 25 \u4e2a Linux \u547d\u4ee4"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u638c\u63e1\u5408\u9002\u7684<strong>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ba1\u7406 Linux \u547d\u4ee4<\/strong>\uff0c\u80fd\u8ba9\u65e5\u5e38\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u66f4\u8f7b\u677e\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u76d1\u63a7 VPS\u3001\u6392\u67e5\u7f51\u7ad9\u8fd0\u884c\u7f13\u6162\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u51e0\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u6307\u5357\u4ecb\u7ecd 25 \u4e2a\u5b9e\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u7b80\u77ed\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e Ubuntu\u3001Debian \u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5e38\u89c1\u7684 Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u3002<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/zynoo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/linux-commands-for-administration-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"\u7528\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u7684 Linux \u547d\u4ee4\" class=\"wp-image-4730\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zynoo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/linux-commands-for-administration-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/zynoo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/linux-commands-for-administration-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/zynoo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/linux-commands-for-administration-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/zynoo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/linux-commands-for-administration-1536x864.webp 1536w, https:\/\/zynoo.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/linux-commands-for-administration.webp 1672w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group zynoo-related-reading has-border-color has-text-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\" style=\"border-color:#c7d8ef;border-width:1px;border-radius:8px;border-left-color:#0069ff;border-left-width:3px;color:#24364f;background-color:#eaf2ff;margin-top:28px;margin-bottom:28px;padding-top:18px;padding-right:22px;padding-bottom:18px;padding-left:22px;font-size:16px;line-height:1.8\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u7ec8\u7aef\uff1f<\/strong>\u8bf7\u5148\u9605\u8bfb\u6211\u4eec\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/zynoo.com\/blog\/zh\/ssh-commands\/\">\u65b0\u624b SSH \u547d\u4ee4\u6307\u5357<\/a>\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u8fde\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ca\u6d4f\u89c8 Linux \u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2 id=\"h-1-check-cpu-memory-and-processes\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%E6%A3%80%E6%9F%A5_CPU%E3%80%81%E5%86%85%E5%AD%98%E5%92%8C%E8%BF%9B%E7%A8%8B\"><\/span>1. \u68c0\u67e5 CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u4e86\u89e3\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-1-top-monitor-server-activity\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_top_%E2%80%94_%E7%9B%91%E6%8E%A7%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E6%B4%BB%E5%8A%A8\"><\/span>1. top \u2014 \u76d1\u63a7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6d3b\u52a8<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>top<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u663e\u793a\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001CPU \u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002\u6309 <code>q<\/code> \u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-2-free-check-available-memory\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_free_%E2%80%94_%E6%A3%80%E6%9F%A5%E5%8F%AF%E7%94%A8%E5%86%85%E5%AD%98\"><\/span>2. free \u2014 \u68c0\u67e5\u53ef\u7528\u5185\u5b58<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>free -h<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u6613\u8bfb\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u5185\u5b58\u603b\u91cf\u3001\u5df2\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u53ef\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-3-uptime-check-system-load\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_uptime_%E2%80%94_%E6%A3%80%E6%9F%A5%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E8%B4%9F%E8%BD%BD\"><\/span>3. uptime \u2014 \u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>uptime<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u663e\u793a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5df2\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u5f53\u524d\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u6570\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fc7\u53bb 1\u30015 \u548c 15 \u5206\u949f\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-4-ps-find-running-processes\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_ps_%E2%80%94_%E6%9F%A5%E6%89%BE%E6%AD%A3%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%90%E8%A1%8C%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E7%A8%8B\"><\/span>4. ps \u2014 \u67e5\u627e\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ps aux<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5217\u51fa\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ca\u5176\u6240\u5c5e\u7528\u6237\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b ID\uff08PID\uff09\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-5-kill-stop-a-process\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_kill_%E2%80%94_%E7%BB%88%E6%AD%A2%E8%BF%9B%E7%A8%8B\"><\/span>5. kill \u2014 \u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>kill 1234<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5411\u8fdb\u7a0b ID <code>1234<\/code> \u53d1\u9001\u7ec8\u6b62\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002\u8bf7\u5c06\u5176\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u7684 PID\u3002\u7ec8\u6b62\u524d\u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u505c\u6b62\u5173\u952e\u670d\u52a1\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"h-2-check-disk-space-and-files\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%E6%A3%80%E6%9F%A5%E7%A3%81%E7%9B%98%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E5%92%8C%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6\"><\/span>2. \u68c0\u67e5\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u6587\u4ef6<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u8db3\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u5e94\u7528\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-6-df-check-filesystem-space\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_df_%E2%80%94_%E6%A3%80%E6%9F%A5%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4\"><\/span>6. df \u2014 \u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a7a\u95f4<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>df -h<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u663e\u793a\u5df2\u6302\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5df2\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u53ef\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-7-du-find-large-directories\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_du_%E2%80%94_%E6%9F%A5%E6%89%BE%E5%8D%A0%E7%94%A8%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E8%BE%83%E5%A4%A7%E7%9A%84%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95\"><\/span>7. du \u2014 \u67e5\u627e\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u76ee\u5f55<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>du -sh \/var\/log<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u663e\u793a <code>\/var\/log<\/code> \u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u603b\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-8-find-locate-files\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"8_find_%E2%80%94_%E6%9F%A5%E6%89%BE%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6\"><\/span>8. find \u2014 \u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>find \/var\/log -name \"*.log\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728 <code>\/var\/log<\/code> \u4e0b\u641c\u7d22\u4ee5 <code>.log<\/code> \u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-9-cp-copy-files\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"9_cp_%E2%80%94_%E5%A4%8D%E5%88%B6%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6\"><\/span>9. cp \u2014 \u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>cp config.conf config.conf.bak<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u7f16\u8f91\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u524d\u521b\u5efa\u5176\u5907\u4efd\u526f\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-10-mv-move-or-rename-files\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"10_mv_%E2%80%94_%E7%A7%BB%E5%8A%A8%E6%88%96%E9%87%8D%E5%91%BD%E5%90%8D%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6\"><\/span>10. mv \u2014 \u79fb\u52a8\u6216\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>mv old.conf new.conf<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u6807\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5df2\u6709\u540c\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8bf7\u52a1\u5fc5\u5c0f\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-11-rm-remove-files\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"11_rm_%E2%80%94_%E5%88%A0%E9%99%A4%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6\"><\/span>11. rm \u2014 \u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>rm -i old-backup.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bf7\u6c42\u786e\u8ba4\u540e\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728 Linux \u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u684c\u9762\u56de\u6536\u7ad9\u3002\u5220\u9664\u91cd\u8981\u6587\u4ef6\u524d\uff0c\u8bf7\u52a1\u5fc5\u6838\u5b9e\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"h-3-manage-linux-services-and-logs\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86_Linux_%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%92%8C%E6%97%A5%E5%BF%97\"><\/span>3. \u7ba1\u7406 Linux \u670d\u52a1\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 systemd \u7684 Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e0a\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-12-systemctl-check-service-status\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"12_systemctl_%E2%80%94_%E6%A3%80%E6%9F%A5%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%8A%B6%E6%80%81\"><\/span>12. systemctl \u2014 \u68c0\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u72b6\u6001<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo systemctl status nginx<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u663e\u793a Nginx \u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u68c0\u67e5\u914d\u7f6e\u540e\uff0c\u5982\u9700\u91cd\u542f\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo systemctl restart nginx<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5c06 <code>nginx<\/code> \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-13-journalctl-read-service-logs\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"13_journalctl_%E2%80%94_%E6%9F%A5%E7%9C%8B%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E6%97%A5%E5%BF%97\"><\/span>13. journalctl \u2014 \u67e5\u770b\u670d\u52a1\u65e5\u5fd7<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo journalctl -u nginx -n 50<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u663e\u793a Nginx \u6700\u8fd1\u7684 50 \u6761\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-14-tail-follow-log-files\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"14_tail_%E2%80%94_%E5%AE%9E%E6%97%B6%E6%9F%A5%E7%9C%8B%E6%97%A5%E5%BF%97%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6\"><\/span>14. tail \u2014 \u5b9e\u65f6\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo tail -f \/var\/log\/nginx\/error.log<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u65b0\u65e5\u5fd7\u5199\u5165\u65f6\u5b9e\u65f6\u663e\u793a\u3002\u6309 <code>Ctrl+C<\/code> \u505c\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-15-grep-search-for-errors\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"15_grep_%E2%80%94_%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF\"><\/span>15. grep \u2014 \u641c\u7d22\u9519\u8bef<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>grep -i \"error\" application.log<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u5305\u542b\u201cerror\u201d\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-16-less-read-long-files\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"16_less_%E2%80%94_%E9%98%85%E8%AF%BB%E9%95%BF%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6\"><\/span>16. less \u2014 \u9605\u8bfb\u957f\u6587\u4ef6<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>less application.log<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6253\u5f00\u957f\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6eda\u52a8\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u641c\u7d22\u3002\u6309 <code>\/<\/code> \u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u6309 <code>q<\/code> \u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"h-4-check-network-connectivity\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_%E6%A3%80%E6%9F%A5%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E8%BF%9E%E6%8E%A5\"><\/span>4. \u68c0\u67e5\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bca\u65ad\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u548c DNS \u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-17-ip-view-network-addresses\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"17_ip_%E2%80%94_%E6%9F%A5%E7%9C%8B%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E5%9C%B0%E5%9D%80\"><\/span>17. ip \u2014 \u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ip addr show<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u663e\u793a\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u53ca\u5176\u5206\u914d\u5230\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-18-ping-test-connectivity\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"18_ping_%E2%80%94_%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E8%BF%9E%E9%80%9A%E6%80%A7\"><\/span>18. ping \u2014 \u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fde\u901a\u6027<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ping -c 4 1.1.1.1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53d1\u9001\u56db\u4e2a ICMP \u56de\u663e\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u6709\u4e9b<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/think\/topics\/networking\">\u7f51\u7edc<\/a>\u4f1a\u963b\u6b62\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 ping \u5931\u8d25\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u610f\u5473\u7740\u76ee\u6807\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-19-ss-check-listening-ports\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"19_ss_%E2%80%94_%E6%A3%80%E6%9F%A5%E7%9B%91%E5%90%AC%E7%AB%AF%E5%8F%A3\"><\/span>19. ss \u2014 \u68c0\u67e5\u76d1\u542c\u7aef\u53e3<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo ss -tuln<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u6570\u5b57\u5f62\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684 TCP\u3001UDP \u76d1\u542c\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-20-curl-check-http-responses\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"20_curl_%E2%80%94_%E6%A3%80%E6%9F%A5_HTTP_%E5%93%8D%E5%BA%94\"><\/span>20. curl \u2014 \u68c0\u67e5 HTTP \u54cd\u5e94<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>curl -I https:\/\/example.com<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bf7\u6c42 HTTP \u54cd\u5e94\u5934\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u67e5\u7f51\u7ad9\u662f\u5426\u6709\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5c06 <code>example.com<\/code> \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u60a8\u7684\u57df\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"h-5-manage-permissions-and-users\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E6%9D%83%E9%99%90%E5%92%8C%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7\"><\/span>5. \u7ba1\u7406\u6743\u9650\u548c\u7528\u6237<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6743\u9650\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u8c01\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-21-chmod-change-file-permissions\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"21_chmod_%E2%80%94_%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%E6%9D%83%E9%99%90\"><\/span>21. chmod \u2014 \u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>chmod 640 config.conf<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bfb\u5199\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u4e3a\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bfb\u53d6\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u5219\u65e0\u6743\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-22-chown-change-file-ownership\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"22_chown_%E2%80%94_%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%E6%89%80%E6%9C%89%E6%9D%83\"><\/span>22. chown \u2014 \u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u6743<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo chown admin:admin config.conf<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u548c\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a <code>admin<\/code>\u3002\u8bf7\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u540d\u79f0\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u8d26\u6237\u548c\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-23-id-check-user-identity\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"23_id_%E2%80%94_%E6%A3%80%E6%9F%A5%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF\"><\/span>23. id \u2014 \u68c0\u67e5\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u4fe1\u606f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>id<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u663e\u793a\u60a8\u7684\u7528\u6237 ID\u3001\u4e3b\u7ec4\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"h-6-check-updates-and-server-information\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_%E6%A3%80%E6%9F%A5%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0%E5%92%8C%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF\"><\/span>6. \u68c0\u67e5\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4fe1\u606f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6700\u540e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e5\u5e38\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e2d\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-24-apt-review-available-updates\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"24_apt_%E2%80%94_%E6%9F%A5%E7%9C%8B%E5%8F%AF%E7%94%A8%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0\"><\/span>24. apt \u2014 \u67e5\u770b\u53ef\u7528\u66f4\u65b0<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728 Ubuntu \u6216 Debian \u4e0a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo apt update\napt list --upgradable<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5237\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4fe1\u606f\u5e76\u5217\u51fa\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u5347\u7ea7\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u66f4\u65b0\u524d\u8bf7\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u53d8\u66f4\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"h-25-uname-check-kernel-information\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"25_uname_%E2%80%94_%E6%A3%80%E6%9F%A5%E5%86%85%E6%A0%B8%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF\"><\/span>25. uname \u2014 \u68c0\u67e5\u5185\u6838\u4fe1\u606f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>uname -r<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u8fd0\u884c\u7684 Linux \u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6392\u67e5\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u548c\u5185\u6838\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"h-linux-server-commands-quick-reference\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Linux_%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E9%80%9F%E6%9F%A5%E8%A1%A8\"><\/span>Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u547d\u4ee4\u901f\u67e5\u8868<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><th>\u4efb\u52a1<\/th><th>\u547d\u4ee4<\/th><\/tr><tr><td>\u76d1\u63a7 CPU \u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/td><td><code>top<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u68c0\u67e5\u5185\u5b58<\/td><td><code>free -h<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u68c0\u67e5\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4<\/td><td><code>df -h<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\u5927\u5c0f<\/td><td><code>du -sh \/path<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u68c0\u67e5\u670d\u52a1<\/td><td><code>systemctl status service<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u67e5\u770b\u670d\u52a1\u65e5\u5fd7<\/td><td><code>journalctl -u service<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u67e5\u770b\u76d1\u542c\u7aef\u53e3<\/td><td><code>ss -tuln<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u6d4b\u8bd5 HTTP \u54cd\u5e94<\/td><td><code>curl -I URL<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u68c0\u67e5\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c<\/td><td><code>uname -r<\/code><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<h2 id=\"h-tips-for-running-linux-commands-safely\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E8%BF%90%E8%A1%8C_Linux_%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E7%9A%84%E5%BB%BA%E8%AE%AE\"><\/span>\u5b89\u5168\u8fd0\u884c Linux \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5efa\u8bae<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u524d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u68c0\u67e5\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u5e76\u6838\u5b9e\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7f16\u8f91\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u524d\u5148\u8fdb\u884c\u5907\u4efd\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4ec5\u5728\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u9ad8\u6743\u9650\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528 <code>sudo<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e0d\u8981\u5728\u4e0d\u7406\u89e3\u547d\u4ee4\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u7834\u574f\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u91cd\u542f\u5173\u952e\u5e94\u7528\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684 VPS\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5148\u5728\u9884\u53d1\u5e03\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u6d4b\u8bd5\u66f4\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"h-frequently-asked-questions\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E5%B8%B8%E8%A7%81%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98\"><\/span>\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block\"><div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1793445656362\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">\u54ea\u4e9b Linux \u547d\u4ee4\u5bf9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6700\u6709\u7528\uff1f<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">top\u3001free\u3001df\u3001systemctl\u3001journalctl\u3001ss \u548c curl \u5bf9\u4e8e\u76d1\u63a7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u6392\u67e5\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u5c24\u5176\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1793445678883\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6240\u6709 Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u5417\uff1f<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">\u8bb8\u591a\u547d\u4ee4\u90fd\u9002\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u4e9b\u4f9d\u8d56\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u6216\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0capt \u7528\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8e Debian \u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u800c systemctl \u9700\u8981 systemd\u3002<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1793445691615\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">\u6211\u9700\u8981 root \u6743\u9650\u5417\uff1f<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">\u5e76\u975e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u3002\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f46\u7ba1\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u53d7\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 sudo\u3002<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1793445704932\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 VPS \u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u5417\uff1f<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u60a8\u7684\u8d26\u6237\u5177\u6709\u6240\u9700\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u9002\u7528\u4e8e Linux VPS \u548c\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n\n<h2 id=\"h-conclusion\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93\"><\/span>\u603b\u7ed3<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b66\u4e60\u7528\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/zynoo.com\/blog\/linux-vs-windows\/\">Linux<\/a> \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u60a8\u8bca\u65ad\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u5e76\u66f4\u6709\u4fe1\u5fc3\u5730\u7ef4\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5148\u4ece\u76d1\u63a7\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7\u5165\u624b\uff0c\u518d\u9010\u6b65\u5b66\u4e60\u670d\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u6743\u9650\u76f8\u5173\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u60a8\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8bb0\u4f4f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u77e5\u9053\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u638c\u63e1\u5408\u9002\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ba1\u7406 Linux \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u80fd\u8ba9\u65e5\u5e38\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u66f4\u8f7b\u677e\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u76d1\u63a7 VPS\u3001\u6392\u67e5\u7f51\u7ad9\u8fd0\u884c\u7f13\u6162\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd8 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